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  • 50 Gerunds and Infinitives Conversation Questions (PDF)

    50 Gerunds and Infinitives Conversation Questions (PDF)

    Here’s a list with conversation/speaking questions for your English lesson to practice the use of Gerunds and Infinitives:

    • Do you enjoy ______ (travel) to new places?
    • What do you avoid ______ (do) on weekends?
    • Have you ever forgotten ______ (turn off) the stove?
    • Is there anything you can’t afford ______ (buy) right now?
    • What is the best way ______ (learn) a new language?
    • Do you ever go to the park ______ (relax)?
    • What do you recommend ______ (see) in your hometown?
    • Have you finished ______ (read) any good books lately?
    • Is there anything you hate ______ (do) but have to do anyway?
    • Do you hope ______ (visit) any foreign countries next year?
    • What is the hardest thing about ______ (live) in a big city?
    • Have you ever regretted ______ (not study) harder in school?
    • Is there anything you would like ______ (learn) how to do?
    • Do you ever go ______ (hike) in the mountains?
    • What do you suggest ______ (order) at your favorite restaurant?
    • Have you managed ______ (save) much money this year?
    • Is there anything you miss ______ (do) from your childhood?
    • Do you prefer ______ (stay) home or ______ (go) out on weekends?
    • What seems ______ (be) the best way to make new friends?
    • Have you volunteered ______ (help) any charities recently?
    • Is there anything you can’t help ______ (do) when you’re stressed?
    • Do you look forward to ______ (go) to work every day?
    • What do you find difficult about ______ (make) decisions?
    • Have you had a chance ______ (travel) much this year?
    • Is there anything you would hate ______ (lose)?
    • Do you know how ______ (cook) any traditional dishes from your country?
    • What do you like ______ (do) to relax after a long day?
    • Have you ever pretended ______ (be) sick to miss work or school?
    • Is there anything you would love ______ (be) able to do?
    • Do you think it’s important ______ (exercise) every day?
    • What do you need ______ (buy) at the grocery store this week?
    • Have you ever offered ______ (help) a stranger?
    • Is there anything you would refuse ______ (do) for money?
    • Do you spend a lot of time ______ (watch) TV?
    • What is something you want ______ (achieve) in the next 5 years?
    • Have you ever waited a long time ______ (see) a doctor?
    • Is there anything you would like ______ (change) about yourself?
    • Do you ever go ______ (shop) just for fun?
    • What are you afraid of ______ (lose)?
    • Have you agreed ______ (help) your friend move?
    • Is there anything you can’t imagine ______ (do)?
    • Do you feel like ______ (go) to the beach this weekend?
    • What do you dislike ______ (spend) money on?
    • Have you ever failed ______ (pass) an important test?
    • Is there anything you would hate ______ (have) to do every day?
    • Do you know anyone who claims ______ (be) able to predict the future?
    • What do you find easy ______ (do) that other people find difficult?
    • Have you ever forgotten ______ (bring) your wallet to a store?
    • Is there anything you would like ______ (invent)?
    • Do you think it’s wrong ______ (tell) a lie to protect someone’s feelings?

  • 66 Mixed Conditionals Conversation Questions (PDF)

    66 Mixed Conditionals Conversation Questions (PDF)

    Mixed Conditionals Conversation Questions

    Here’s a list with mixed conditional conversation/speaking questions for your English lesson:

    3rd and 2nd Mixed Conditionals Conversation Questions

    Structure: If + Past Perfect, … would + infinitive

    Meaning: A hypothetical past situation with present consequences

    1. If you had pursued your childhood dream career, how would your life be different now?
    2. If you had been born in another country, which culture would you find most fascinating?
    3. If you hadn’t met your closest friend, how would your social life have changed?
    4. If you had learned a musical instrument as a child, which one would you be most passionate about playing now?
    5. If you had chosen a different college major, what career path would you be on today?
    6. If you hadn’t faced your biggest fear, how would your confidence level be affected?
    7. If you had grown up in a different family, what values would you hold most dear?
    8. If you had started learning a foreign language earlier, which one would you be fluent in now?
    9. If you hadn’t read your favorite book, how would your perspective on life be different?
    10. If you had been born in a different era, which historical figure would you want to meet?
    11. If you had taken a gap year before starting your career, what experiences would you have sought?
    12. If you hadn’t moved to your current city, where would you be living and why?
    13. If you had chosen a different hobby to pursue, which one would you excel at now?
    14. If you had been raised by a single parent, how would your family dynamics be different?
    15. If you had grown up with/without siblings, how would your personality have been influenced?
    16. If you had studied abroad during college, which country would have impacted you the most?
    17. If you hadn’t faced a significant setback, what lessons would you have failed to learn?
    18. If you had been born into royalty, what kind of leader would you be?
    19. If you hadn’t taken that risk in your career, where would you be professionally?
    20. If you had grown up in a rural area, how would your appreciation for nature be different?
    21. If you hadn’t met your mentor, what direction would your life have taken?
    22. If you had been given a different name at birth, how would your identity have changed?
    23. If you hadn’t learned the importance of self-care, how would your mental health be affected?
    24. If you had discovered your hidden talent earlier, how would you be using it to make a difference?
    25. If you had grown up in a family that prioritized art and creativity, what kind of artist would you be today?
    26. If you had invested in a different stock market sector last year, how would your financial situation be different now?

    2nd and 3rd Mixed Conditionals Conversation Questions

    Structure: If + Past Simple/were, … would have + past participle

    Meaning: A hypothetical present situation with past consequences

    1. If you were more adventurous, what risks would you have taken in your youth?
    2. If you had more free time now, which opportunities would you have seized in the past?
    3. If you were better at managing stress, how would your health have been affected over the years?
    4. If you spoke another language fluently, which country would you have visited more often?
    5. If you were more outgoing, what connections would you have made at university?
    6. If you had stronger willpower, which bad habits would you have avoided?
    7. If you were living in your dream location, what decisions would you have made differently five years ago?
    8. If you were more financially savvy, what investments would you have made when you were younger?
    9. If you had better time management skills, what goals would you have achieved by now?
    10. If you were more confident in public speaking, what career opportunities would you have pursued?
    11. If you had a better work-life balance, how would your relationships have developed?
    12. If you were more passionate about fitness, how would your body have changed over the years?
    13. If you had more courage to express yourself, what opportunities would you have grabbed?
    14. If you were living closer to your family, how would your childhood memories have been different?
    15. If you had better negotiation skills, what salary increases would you have secured?
    16. If you were more organized, which projects would you have completed years ago?
    17. If you had a different personality type, what friendships would you have formed in high school?
    18. If you were better at saving money, what financial security would you have built by now?
    19. If you had more artistic talent, what creative projects would you have undertaken?
    20. If you were more tech-savvy, which digital opportunities would you have capitalized on earlier?

    Standard 2nd Conditional Questions (for comparison)

    Structure: If + Past Simple/were, … would + infinitive

    Meaning: Hypothetical present or future situations

    1. If you could live in any fictional world, which one would you choose and why?
    2. If you were to write a novel, what genre would it be and what would the plot revolve around?
    3. If you could have any supernatural power, which one would you choose, and how would you use it?
    4. If you were to start your own business, what industry would you focus on and why?
    5. If you could travel back in time, which historical event would you witness?
    6. If you were to learn a new skill, which one would you choose, and how would it benefit your life?
    7. If you could have dinner with any famous person, who would you invite, and what would you discuss?
    8. If you were to create a new invention, what problem would it solve?
    9. If you could live in any country for a year, which one would you pick?
    10. If you were to start a charity, what cause would you support, and how would you raise funds?
    11. If you could have any animal as a pet, which one would you choose, and how would you care for it?
    12. If you were to create a new holiday, what would it celebrate, and how would people observe it?
    13. If you could have any job for a day, which profession would you choose?
    14. If you were to write a song, what theme would it explore, and how would it inspire others?
    15. If you could have any piece of art in your home, which one would you select?
    16. If you were to learn a new language, which one would you choose, and how would it expand your opportunities?
    17. If you could have any famous person as a mentor, who would you pick and what guidance would you seek?
    18. If you were to create a new app, what purpose would it serve?
    19. If you could have any vehicle, which one would you choose, and where would you go on your first adventure?
    20. If you were to take up a new hobby, which one would you pursue, and how would it enrich your life?
    Comparison of Conditional Types – Print Version

    Comparison of Conditional Types

    Type Structure Meaning / Time Reference Example Common Mistake
    Second Conditional
    (for contrast)
    If + Past Simple / were

    … would + infinitive
    		 Hypothetical present or future situation – unreal or imaginary If I won the lottery, I would travel around the world. Using will instead of would:
    “…If I will win…”
    Mixed Conditional – 3rd → 2nd
    (and common misuse)
    If + Past Perfect,

    … would + infinitive
    		 Hypothetical past condition with a present result
    Past → Present
    		If I had studied harder, I would be successful now. Using would have for a present result:
    “If I had studied harder, I would have been successful now.” ❌
    → Use would + infinitive for a present result.
    Mixed Conditional – 2nd → 3rd
    If + Past Simple / were,

    … would have + past participle
    		 Hypothetical present condition with a past result
    Present → Past
    		If I were more confident, I would have applied for that job. Using Past Perfect in the if-clause:
    “If I had been more confident…” — makes it a standard 3rd conditional, not mixed.
    !

    The tense in the if-clause shows when the condition belongs.

    The tense in the main clause shows when the result is felt.

    📚 Want to Teach This Effectively?

    Looking for lesson plans, activities, and teaching strategies for conditionals? Check out our comprehensive Conditionals Teaching Guide with ready-to-use materials, common student errors, and proven classroom techniques.

    → Access the Free Teaching Guide

  • 35 Social Media ESL Conversation Questions for Speaking Practice (PDF)

    35 Social Media ESL Conversation Questions for Speaking Practice (PDF)

    Are you looking for social media ESL conversation questions to inspire meaningful discussions in your classroom?
    This set of 35 thought-provoking prompts helps students practice speaking, writing, and sharing opinions about one of today’s most relevant topics — social media.

    As social media continues to shape how we communicate and connect, it’s essential for English learners to feel confident discussing it in English. These engaging questions will get your students talking, thinking critically, and using real-world vocabulary in every lesson.

    The Social Media Conversation Questions

    1. What is social media? How would you define it?
    2. What are some examples of social media platforms? Which are most popular in your country?
    3. Why do you think social media has become such a big part of people’s lives?
    4. How has social media changed the way people communicate and interact?
    5. What are some positive aspects of social media? What are some negative aspects?
    6. Do you think social media brings people closer together or drives them apart?
    7. How do you think social media will evolve in the future? What new features or platforms might emerge?
    8. Do you think people spend too much time on social media these days? Why or why not?
    9. Should there be an age limit for using social media? At what age should people be allowed to start using it?
    10. How has social media impacted traditional forms of media like newspapers and TV?
    11. Do you believe social media plays a role in the spread of fake news and misinformation? What can be done about this issue?
    12. Should schools teach students about social media literacy and how to use it responsibly?
    13. Which social media apps do you use most often? Why do you like them?
    14. How much time do you typically spend on social media each day? Do you think it’s too much, too little, or just right?
    15. What kind of content do you usually post on social media? Photos, videos, status updates, stories?
    16. Have you ever made a friend or met someone special through social media?
    17. Do you follow any celebrities, influencers, or public figures on social media? Who are your favorites?
    18. Has anything you’ve seen on social media ever inspired you to try something new or change your perspective?
    19. How has social media affected people’s self-esteem and body image, especially among youth?
    20. What role does social media play in activism and social movements? Can it be an effective tool for creating change?
    21. What are some emerging trends or future possibilities for social media that excite or concern you?
    22. How can social media be used as a tool for language learning and practice?
    23. How can social media be used as a tool for self-expression and creativity?
    24. How do different generations (e.g., millennials, boomers) use social media differently?
    25. What are some unwritten rules or etiquette for behavior on social media?
    26. How do businesses and brands use social media for marketing and advertising?
    27. If you could create your own social media platform, what unique features would you include?
    28. Have you ever posted something on social media that you later regretted? What did you learn from that experience?
    29. Imagine a world without social media. How would your daily life and communication be different?
    30. What are some creative ways you’ve seen people or businesses use social media to stand out or make a positive impact?
    31. Do you think social media makes people more or less authentic in their self-presentation? Why?
    32. If you could have dinner with any three social media influencers or personalities, who would you choose and why?
    33. What are some specific skills or knowledge you’ve gained through your use of social media?
    34. Describe a memorable or meaningful social media campaign or challenge you participated in or observed.
    35. How do you decide what information or aspects of your life to share or keep private on social media?

    Tips on Using Social Media Questions in the ESL Classroom

    When using these social media ESL conversation questions in class, vary the format to keep your lessons dynamic and interactive. Pair or group students for ESL speaking activities where they can exchange opinions, agree or disagree, and ask follow-up questions. This approach encourages spontaneous communication and helps learners use real-world language in context.

    You can also assign short writing tasks or have students share their answers in mini-presentations to integrate both speaking and writing skills. To deepen engagement, connect the social media discussion topics to students’ personal experiences or current online trends.

    Finally, review key vocabulary and expressions before the activity to support fluency and accuracy—an effective strategy for any ESL classroom aiming to build confidence and communicative competence.

  • 180 ESL Conversation Starters and Questions (from Beginner to Pro)

    180 ESL Conversation Starters and Questions (from Beginner to Pro)

    Do you ever run out of ideas to keep your students speaking in English?
    These ESL conversation starters and ESL conversation questions will help you inspire fun, natural, and engaging discussions in class—no matter your students’ level.

    This list of 180 English conversation topics covers everything from everyday situations to creative “what if” questions, so you’ll always have something interesting to talk about. Use them as warm-ups, group activities, or full lessons to build fluency, confidence, and real-world communication skills.

    Whether you teach beginners or advanced learners, these speaking prompts will make your lessons more interactive and enjoyable—for both you and your students.

    Tip: Looking for more speaking practice? These pair perfectly with this list: our 120 Would You Rather questions for quick warm-ups, 12 fun speaking activities to get quieter classes talking, and conversation questions using conditionals if you want to work grammar into the discussion.

    Conversation Topics for Adults and Teens

    Adults and teens usually know more about advanced topics than children (politics, religion, etc.) That being said, knowing more on these topics doesn’t necessarily translate to being able to speak about these things easily so don’t assume they can do everything. Be aware of your student’s level and be prepared to reframe a question if they are struggling to understand. 

    Work

    • Where do you work?
    • Do you enjoy your job?
    • Do you use English for your job?
    • Tell me about your last job.
    • What do you think is the most difficult job in the world?
    • What do you think is the easiest job in the world?
    • Where would you work if you could pick any job?
    • Would you still work if you won the lottery?
    • Do you think robots will replace all the jobs in the future?
    • What kind of job should have the highest salary?

    In this post, you’ll get 20 topics and activities for Business English lessons.

    Music

    • Do you listen to music?
    • When did you start listening to music?
    • Do you play a musical instrument?
    • What do you think the future of music will be like?
    • If you could meet any musician, who would it be?
    • Why do people like music?
    • If you could erase a musical genre, which would it be?
    • Do you think musical success comes from working hard or luck?
    • What was the first album you bought?
    • Have you ever downloaded music illegally?

    Holidays

    • What is a holiday?
    • Do you often go on holiday?
    • Where did you last go on holiday?
    • Where would you like to go on holiday next?
    • Do you prefer relaxing or having an adventure on your holiday?
    • Is it weird to go on holiday by yourself?
    • What is the best food you’ve eaten while on holiday?
    • Can you imagine what holidays 500 years ago were like?
    • Would you like to go on holiday to space?
    • What do you think the future of the holidays will be like?

    Technology

    • What is technology?
    • What do you think of when you hear the word ‘technology’?
    • How has technology changed in the past?
    • How has technology changed your life?
    • Could you live without technology?
    • Find the full list of technology questions here

    Conversation Topics for Kids

    To engage a child in conversation, you have to enter their world. What is fun for them? What do they like to do? Using words/phrases like “wow”, “That sounds tasty”, “Awesome” can show you are listening to them and make things more fun which will get them saying more!

    Pets

    • Do you have a pet?
    • What do you think pets do in the day?
    • What do pets eat?
    • Are cats better or dogs?
    • What is the best name for a pet?
    • Would you like a pet spider?
    • Would you like to be an animal? Which one?
    • Why do we have pets?
    • Do you prefer cute or fun pets?
    • What is the best present for a pet?

    School

    • Do you like school?
    • What is your favorite subject?
    • What is your least favorite subject?
    • Who is your favorite teacher?
    • Why do people have to go to school?
    • Do you like homework?
    • What would you do if you were the headteacher?
    • How could schools be more fun?
    • How long are the summer holidays?
    • Can you learn and have fun at the same time?

    Movies

    • What is your favorite movie?
    • Who is your favorite character?
    • Who is your least favorite character?
    • Do you like Disney movies?
    • What was the last movie you saw at the cinema?
    • How often do you watch movies?
    • Do you wish you could live in a movie?
    • Why do you watch movies?
    • Do you prefer reading books or movies?
    • Do you watch any movies in English?

    Conversation Topics for Beginners

    Keeping the topics simple for beginners is a must at the start. Talking about their hobbies and family can help, as these are areas they may have already experience in talking about. If a student is really struggling, then giving them phrases to use such as “I like …” can help get the ball rolling.

    Food

    • What is your favorite food? Why do you like it?
    • Do you like to cook? What dishes can you make?
    • What foods are popular in your country?
    • Do you prefer eating at home or at restaurants? Why?
    • What is a typical breakfast in your home?
    • Have you ever tried food from another country? Did you like it?
    • Do you like spicy food? What spicy dishes have you tried?
    • What foods do you dislike? Why don’t you like them?
    • What is a traditional holiday food in your culture?
    • If you could only eat one food for the rest of your life, what would it be?

    Hobbies

    • What do you like to do?
    • Do you do any sports?
    • What types of movie do you like?
    • Do you play video games?
    • What do you usually do with friends?
    • Is learning English a hobby or work?
    • Do you have any unusual hobbies?
    • Do you have enough time for your hobbies?
    • What is a common hobby?
    • What do you think is a boring hobby?

    Family

    • Do you live with your family?
    • How many people are in your family?
    • Are you close with your family?
    • How often do you see your family?
    • What do you do with your family when you see them?
    • Is your family important to you?
    • Which is more important, friends or family?
    • Who is the weirdest person in your family?
    • Are families less important nowadays than in the past?
    • What would happen if we didn’t have families?

    Home

    • Where do you live?
    • What is there to do in your city?
    • What is your place like?
    • What is your neighbourhood like?
    • Are there any parks near where you live?
    • Have you ever lived elsewhere?
    • How many rooms does your place have?
    • If you moved, where would you like to live?
    • Would you prefer to live in the city or country?
    • Would you like to live abroad?

    Use information gap activities to help your students practice speaking: read our guide.

    Weird and Funny Conversation Starters

    Nobody wants to speak about the same mundane topics, especially if they’re an advanced student. Being able to mix it up is a great attribute to have as a teacher. Not only will you have memorable lessons with these conversation starters, but it will really test the ability of the students to think about topics they aren’t used to (instead of rolling off easy answers about familiar topics.)

    Fails

    • What’s the most epic fail you’ve ever witnessed in person?
    • Have you ever had a funny cooking fail? What happened, and how did it turn out?
    • What’s the most hilarious fashion fail you’ve ever seen or experienced?
    • Have you ever had a technology fail at the worst possible moment? What was the situation, and how did you handle it?
    • What’s the funniest sports fail you’ve ever seen, either in person or online?
    • Have you ever had a humorous translation fail when trying to communicate in a foreign language? What did you say, and what did you mean to say?
    • What’s the most amusing autocorrect fail you’ve ever experienced or seen?
    • Have you ever had a funny fail while trying to impress someone you liked? What happened, and how did they react?
    • What’s the most comical pet fail you’ve ever witnessed or heard about?
    • Have you ever had a hilarious DIY or home improvement fail? What went wrong, and how did you fix it?

    Zombie Apocalypse Plan

    • What is your zombie apocalypse plan?
    • Who would you take with you?
    • What would be your weapon of choice?
    • What would you do if a friend got bitten by a zombie?
    • What would you do if you got bitten by a zombie?
    • What food would you take with you?
    • Do you think governments should have a zombie apocalypse plan?
    • Do you think everyone should have a zombie apocalypse plan?
    • Is a zombie outbreak a likely scenario?
    • Why do you think there are so many movies and TV series based on zombies?

    Superpowers

    • If you could have a superpower, what would it be?
    • What do you think is the weirdest superpower in comic books?
    • Are some superpowers too powerful?
    • Would you like a superpower where you could turn things into gold by touching them?
    • What is the weakest superpower in a comic book?
    • Have we already seen every kind of superpower possible in a comic book?
    • Are there some people in the real world that have superpowers? (doctors etc)
    • Would you like a superpower where you could turn things into chocolate?
    • Would it be better to be super strong or super smart?
    • Would you like the power to travel through time?

    Magic Lamp

    • If you were granted 3 wishes, what would they be?
    • Is wishing for more wishes cheating?
    • Should there be any other rules for people granted wishes?
    • Have you seen any movies with a magic lamp?
    • Do you think there is a better object that could house a genie?
    • Why are we interested in stories of people having wishes?
    • Have any of your wishes come true in real life?
    • Do you make a wish when you blow out the candles on a cake?
    • Is it bad luck to tell someone what your wish is when blowing out the candles?
    • What other ways do people make wishes?

    Controversial Conversations Topics

    These are topics that you need to be careful with and use your judgement based on the student’s background. You need to wait until you know a student to find out what material is appropriate for them. That being said, If used correctly, then these can be really interesting and get the student thinking about “real issues”. 

    Technology and Society

    • Do you think social media has had a positive or negative impact on society? Why?
    • Should governments have the right to monitor citizens’ online activities for security purposes?
    • Is technology making people less social or more connected?
    • Do you believe that artificial intelligence will eventually take over many human jobs?
    • Should parents limit their children’s screen time and use of technology?
    • Is online privacy a fundamental human right, or should people accept less privacy in the digital age?
    • Do you think technology is making people smarter or more dependent on devices?
    • Should schools incorporate more technology in the classroom, or focus on traditional teaching methods?
    • Is the rise of fake news and misinformation on the internet a serious threat to democracy?
    • Do the benefits of technological advancement outweigh the potential negative consequences for society?

    Find more questions about social media and questions about technology here.

    Death Penalty

    • What do you think about the death penalty?
    • Do you know which countries still use the death penalty?
    • Why do you think some countries use the death penalty?
    • Do you know of any famous executions?
    • Should the death penalty be outlawed?
    • If we removed the death penalty then what punishment should replace it?
    • What is the most humane form of execution?
    • What would your “last meal” be?
    • Does the fear of the death penalty reduce crime?
    • How has execution changed over the years?

    Abortion

    • What is abortion?
    • Should abortion be legal?
    • Why do you think some people are “pro choice”?
    • Why do you think some people are “pro life”?
    • What do you think of abortion in cases where the baby was conceived due to rape?
    • What do you think of abortion in cases where the Mother’s life is in danger (due to being pregnant)?
    • Should the father “get a say” in the matter of abortion?
    • What advice would you give to a family member who was thinking of getting an abortion?
    • Should people be allowed to protest against abortion?
    • What do you think the future laws on abortion will be?

    Corruption

    • What is corruption?
    • Is there corruption in your country?
    • Why does corruption exist?
    • Would you consider taking a bribe?
    • Would you consider offering a bribe?
    • Are some types of corruption better than others?
    • Which countries have the most corruption?
    • Which countries have the least corruption?
    • Are there any stories of corruption that you can remember?
    • Is it possible to get rid of corruption entirely?

    Get a list of 110 “Would you rather” questions for your conversation lessons.

    Why Every Teacher Needs a List of Starters

    If you want to improve your student’s speaking ability, you need to master the art of conversation. You have to know how to get your students speaking, move the conversation forward, provide feedback and make it all feel natural. You also need engaging topics, and that is where this guide comes in.

    One of the problems that can face a teacher is knowing what to talk about. What do you do when you’ve finished talking about work, the weather and then realize that only 5 minutes have passed!

    This guide has everything you need to make sure you never run out of topics and most importantly, you always have something interesting to say.

    It is a good idea to pick a particular topic for a class (or even have your student pick if you want more engagement from them). Once you have that topic, then move through the questions, trying to get as much from each one as possible. 

    Browse our ESL teacher resources section for more tips and printable lesson materials.

    Additional Tips for Your Conversation Lessons

    Here are some additional tips to make sure your students are getting the most out of their conversation lessons and will be excited about coming back for more. Some of these will take time to internalize and get right but be aware of them and experiment to get them just right.

    Don’t feel like you have to stick rigidly to the list of conversation starters. If a question takes you down a different conversational thread then go with it. The important thing is that the student is talking, you can always return to “the script” later.

    Correcting a student immediately can often be useful, but in conversation, it can really kill the flow as well as a student’s confidence if done too often. A good idea is to make notes of any major problems and then mention them after a particular section instead. On top of this, try not to interrupt a student once they are speaking. For each answer, try to milk everything out of them that you can before you have “your turn to speak”.

    As well as the frequency of correction, consider the amount being corrected. Don’t feel like you have to correct EVERYTHING. Especially if a student is starting out and is a bit nervous. Pick a few problems areas and focus on that, if you mention too many things at once it can be overwhelming and can really lower a student’s confidence.

    Be strict when a student gives you short answers. If a student gives you an answer like “yes” then force more out of them with “yes… because” or “no… but”. The idea is to get them using the language more.

    Try to inject some personality when using these ESL conversation topics. It should feel more like a conversation rather than a robot giving an interview.

    Some students will struggle with certain subjects as they just don’t know enough about the topic. If it’s a bit of a challenge then push through but if they can’t even talk about a topic in their native language then it may be an idea to move on to another subject.

    Allowing a student to pick a topic can be a great way of engaging them more. This also has the added benefit of helping a younger student (such as a teenager) feel more empowered as they can make their own decisions.

    Get 18 statesman tips on giving great conversation for teens and adults in this post.

    Final Thoughts

    There you have it!

    All you need to make sure you never run out of things to say. Get these printed out as your go-to cheat sheets and bookmark this page so you can easily come back to them for future classes.

    Hopefully, these ESL conversation starters and questions will spark your own ideas for topics you can use in class. If you are teaching one-to-one, you could even write niche topics especially for that student’s interests (e.g skateboarding, knitting or chess).

    Remember, match the topics to the student’s level, keep it fun and once they start talking don’t get in the way!

  • 41 Artificial Intelligence Discussion Questions: Personal, Legal and Ethical

    41 Artificial Intelligence Discussion Questions: Personal, Legal and Ethical

    Artificial intelligence (AI) is one of the most exciting topics of our time. Intelligent, adaptive machines and robots can support us humans, make life easier and solve complicated problems.

    On the other hand, AI scares many people. Every technology also harbors risks, and it is not yet possible to foresee how our world will change once artificial intelligences are “really intelligent.”

    The topic therefore offers plenty of material for discussion: for a school or study project, or for a controversial conversation lesson for language students.

    In this article, we listed 41 interesting, personal, legal and ethical questions about artificial intelligence, to foster debates.

    Artificial intelligence: ESL questions, conversation starters

    Personal questions about artificial intelligence, for discussion

    This set of questions will help to start conversations about the various personal perspectives on AI.

    What are the risks of artificial intelligence?

    What are the opportunities of artificial intelligence?

    Can AI be more intelligent than humans?

    What excites you about AI?

    Can robots one day replace humans? In what areas?

    What jobs would you rather have robots do instead of humans?

    In what tasks will humans always be better than robots?

    Could you imagine being friends with a human-looking robot?

    How might AI solve humanity’s problems?

    Should we be afraid of an AI taking power over us one day?

    Can an AI be truly objective, even though it was developed by humans?

    Can an AI develop feelings?

    Can an AI have compassion or a sense of justice?

    Will humans become smarter or dumber by using AI? Why?

    What are the advantages and disadvantages of letting AIs make decisions for us?

    Which movie about AI do you like best, and why?

    Questions about the use of artificial intelligence in everyday life

    Today, AI has already spread into each area of our daily life. With these questions, you can exchange opinions on this development.

    Where does artificial intelligence already support you in your daily life?

    In which areas should AI be used more intense?

    What scenarios do you know for the use of AI in business?

    Would you ride in an autonomous driving car? Or in an autonomous flying machine?

    What would you use a robot for?

    Would you rather have services – like haircuts – provided by robots than humans if it cost less?

    Do you use voice assistants like Siri or Alexa? Why, or why not?

    Have you had a conversation with a chatbot when you were at a company’s customer service desk? What was your experience?

    How has the use of AI already changed your profession? How will your profession change in the coming years?

    What apps from your smartphone are already using AI?

    What things would you like to do yourself, although an AI might be better at it?

    Which “smart” device would you like to have at home, and which not?

    Legal and ethical questions about artificial intelligenc

    These questions are for advanced students and can be used to start highly controversial and even philosophic discussions.

    What is artificial intelligence anyway? At what point is a machine truly intelligent?

    How might an AI be taught to respect human rights?

    Is an AI allowed to make decisions on its own that can greatly affect people’s lives?

    Do there need to be laws governing what an AI can and cannot do?

    If robots can think for themselves, don’t you need to be given personal rights?

    If an AI injures or kills a human, who is to blame? The manufacturer, the owner, or the AI itself?

    Do AIs need liability insurance?

    Who owns all the data an AI collects or generates itself?

    When AIs always and anywhere collect data about all aspects of our lives: how do data privacy laws need to change?

    Should weapons systems be equipped with AI for war? Why or why not?

    How can we prevent AIs from developing the same prejudices as humans, for example against women, people of color, or ethnic minorities?

    Should AIs be able to stop humans from doing bad things?

    Tips on Using AI Questions in the Classroom

    You can put students into pairs or small teams, or discuss the questions with the entire class. Another option is to ask your students individually to write down short answers or longer essays on a specific questions. Later, they can present their thoughts in front of the class.

    By using these questions, your students will learn new vocabulary in the context of artificial intelligence. They will learn how to analyze complex topics, consider different viewpoints, which helps them in daily life and especially in business. 

    These questions can be perfectly combined with other ESL Technology Questions. Another great option to start conversations are “Would You Rather” Questions or these fun speaking activities.

    You can find all of our teaching resources here.

  • Everyday Expressions & Idioms List (PDF)

    Everyday Expressions & Idioms List (PDF)

    Check the following common expressions, idioms, and phrases and find out their meanings.

    📄 Download Free PDF
    Expression / IdiomMeaningExample sentence
    (Feel) blueTo feel sad or depressed.I’ve been feeling blue lately.
    (Feel) under the weatherTo feel slightly ill or unwell.I’m a bit under the weather today.
    (Has) been burnedHad a bad experience that makes one cautious.We’ve been burned by that vendor before.
    (Hear it) straight from the horse’s mouthTo get information from the most reliable source.I heard it straight from the horse’s mouth—the CEO is resigning.
    (That) rings a bellSounds familiar.Her name rings a bell.
    A hot potatoA controversial or awkward issue that many are talking about and prefer to avoid handling.The merger is a hot potato the board doesn’t want to touch before the election.
    A penny for your thoughtsA polite way to ask what someone is thinking.You’ve been quiet— a penny for your thoughts?
    A picture paints a thousand wordsVisuals convey complex ideas better than words.Use a chart— a picture paints a thousand words.
    A taste of your own medicineReceiving the same unpleasant treatment you give others.The prankster got a taste of his own medicine.
    Actions speak louder than wordsWhat people do matters more than what they say.He promised to help, but actions speak louder than words.
    Add insult to injuryTo make a bad situation worse, often by adding mockery or unfairness.They fired her and, to add insult to injury, refused severance.
    An arm and a legVery expensive; costing a lot of money.That designer bag costs an arm and a leg.
    At the drop of a hatImmediately; without hesitation.She’ll quit at the drop of a hat if a better job appears.
    Back to the drawing boardTo start over because the previous attempt failed.Our prototype didn’t pass safety tests—back to the drawing board.
    Back to the grindReturning to routine work after a break.Vacation’s over—back to the grind.
    Barking up the wrong treeTo pursue a mistaken or misguided course; accuse the wrong person.If you think I leaked the memo, you’re barking up the wrong tree.
    Be glad to see the back ofTo be happy when someone or something leaves or ends.I’ll be glad to see the back of these renovations.
    Beat around the bushTo avoid the main topic; speak indirectly.Stop beating around the bush and answer the question.
    Beats meI don’t know; no idea.Why was it canceled? Beats me.
    Behave yourselfAct properly; be polite.Kids, behave yourselves at dinner.
    Best of both worldsA situation where one can enjoy the advantages of two different things.With hybrid work, we get the best of both worlds.
    Best thing since sliced breadA very good invention, idea, or innovation.She thinks her new app is the best thing since sliced bread.
    Big dealSaid sarcastically to belittle something; or sincerely to mean ‘important’.He runs 5K—big deal.
    Bite off more than you can chewTo take on a task that is too big or difficult.He bit off more than he could chew by volunteering for three committees.
    Blessing in disguiseSomething that seems bad at first but results in something good.Missing that flight was a blessing in disguise—we met our biggest client in the lounge.
    Bored to deathExtremely bored.I was bored to death during that lecture.
    BrokeHaving no money.I can’t go out—I’m broke.
    Bug (someone)To annoy or bother someone.Stop bugging me while I’m working.
    Burn the midnight oilTo work late into the night.We burned the midnight oil to hit the deadline.
    Call it a dayTo stop working on something.It’s 7 p.m.—let’s call it a day.
    Cat got your tongue?Why are you not speaking?You were loud earlier—cat got your tongue?
    Caught between two stoolsUnable to choose between two alternatives and therefore failing to achieve either.The policy is caught between two stools—too strict for some, too weak for others.
    ChickenA coward; afraid.Don’t be chicken—ask for feedback.
    Come onExpression urging someone to hurry, agree, or be reasonable.Come on, it’s not that hard.
    Coming right upI’ll do it immediately.Two cappuccinos? Coming right up.
    Costs an arm and a legVery expensive; costing a lot of money.The repairs cost an arm and a leg.
    Couch potatoA very inactive person who watches a lot of TV.Don’t be a couch potato—come for a walk.
    Cross that bridge when you come to itDeal with a problem when it actually arises, not before.We’ll cross that bridge when we come to it.
    Cry over spilled milkTo complain about something that cannot be changed.It’s no use crying over spilled milk—let’s fix the mistake.
    Curiosity killed the catBeing too inquisitive can lead to trouble.Don’t snoop through his emails—curiosity killed the cat.
    Cut cornersTo save time or money by doing something in a cheap or careless way.The builder cut corners and the roof leaked.
    Cut the mustardTo meet expectations; to be good enough.If this candidate can’t cut the mustard, we’ll keep looking.
    Do tellEncouragement to share more details (often playful).You met a celebrity—do tell.
    Don’t be a strangerKeep in touch; visit again.Drop by anytime—don’t be a stranger.
    Don’t count your chickens before they hatchDon’t make plans based on something that hasn’t happened yet.Wait for the contract to be signed—don’t count your chickens.
    Don’t give up the day jobSaid humorously to mean someone is not good enough to do something professionally.Your stand-up set was…fun. Don’t give up the day job.
    Don’t joke with meDon’t tease me; be serious.Are we really moving? Don’t joke with me.
    Don’t put all your eggs in one basketDon’t risk everything on a single plan or investment.Diversify your portfolio—don’t put all your eggs in one basket.
    Don’t sweat itDon’t worry about it.I’ll fix the typo—don’t sweat it.
    Down-to-earthPractical and sensible; unpretentious.She’s a down-to-earth manager.
    Drastic times call for drastic measuresExtreme situations require extreme actions.With sales collapsing, drastic times call for drastic measures.
    Easier said than doneHarder to do than to say.Saving 30% of your income is easier said than done.
    Elvis has left the buildingThe show/event is over; there’s nothing more to see.Pack up, folks—Elvis has left the building.
    Every cloud has a silver liningThere is something good in every bad situation.I missed the train, but every cloud has a silver lining—I ran into an old friend.
    Fair enoughAccepting a point as reasonable.You need more time? Fair enough.
    Far cry fromVery different from.This apartment is a far cry from our old place.
    Fender benderA minor car accident.I had a fender bender in the parking lot.
    Get a foot in the doorTo make a first step toward a larger opportunity.The internship helped her get a foot in the door.
    Get a lifeStop being boring or petty; do something more interesting.Arguing online all day? Get a life.
    Get on someone’s nervesTo irritate or annoy someone.His humming gets on my nerves.
    Get out of here!Expression of surprise or disbelief; or a command to leave.You met Beyoncé? Get out of here!
    Get to the pointBe brief; say the main idea.We’re short on time—get to the point.
    Give it to me straightTell me the truth without softening it.Doctor, give it to me straight.
    Give somebody a hard timeTo tease, criticize, or cause difficulty for someone.They gave me a hard time about my accent.
    Give someone a handTo help someone.Can you give me a hand with these boxes?
    Give the benefit of the doubtTo believe someone is telling the truth, without proof.I’ll give her the benefit of the doubt.
    Go DutchEach person pays their own share.Let’s go Dutch on dinner.
    Go for itDo it; take the opportunity.If you want the role, go for it.
    Go with the flowTo accept things as they happen.We’ll go with the flow during the trip.
    Good for youExpression of praise or approval.You got the job? Good for you!
    Good luckExpression wishing success.Good luck on your exam!
    Good pointAcknowledgment of a valid argument.Good point—let’s adjust the plan.
    Good thinkingThat was a smart idea.Bringing umbrellas—good thinking.
    Good-for-nothingA useless or lazy person.He’s a good-for-nothing layabout.
    Goose bumpsSmall bumps on the skin from cold or strong emotion.That song gives me goose bumps.
    Got itI understand.Upload by Friday? Got it.
    Grab a biteTo eat something quickly or casually.Want to grab a bite after class?
    Hang in thereDon’t give up; persevere.It’s tough, but hang in there.
    Have the gutsTo have courage.Do you have the guts to ask for a raise?
    Hit the nail on the headTo describe something exactly right.You hit the nail on the head about the timing issue.
    Hold on a secWait a moment.Hold on a sec—I’ll check.
    I beg to differI politely disagree.I beg to differ with that analysis.
    I blew itI failed or made a big mistake.I blew it on the exam.
    I can’t thank you enoughI’m extremely grateful.For your help, I can’t thank you enough.
    I can’t waitI’m very excited for something.I can’t wait for the concert.
    I could eat a horseVery hungry.I skipped lunch—I could eat a horse.
    I couldn’t agree with you moreI completely agree.On that point, I couldn’t agree more.
    I don’t buy itI don’t believe it; I’m skeptical.He says the delay was traffic—I don’t buy it.
    I messed upI made a mistake.I messed up the spreadsheet.
    I owe you (one)I’m indebted for a favor.Thanks for covering— I owe you one.
    I told you soSaid after a prediction comes true (often smug).The system crashed—I told you so.
    I’ll be downExpression of mild surprise or emphasis (regional/colloquial).Well, I’ll be down—you fixed it already.
    I’m beatI’m very tired.After the hike, I’m beat.
    I’m hosedI’m in serious trouble; stuck.If the server dies tonight, we’re hosed.
    I’m on my wayI’m coming; I’ve started traveling.Text the client—I’m on my way.
    I’m sick of itI’m very tired/annoyed by it.This spam— I’m sick of it.
    If you insistReluctant agreement.Fine, if you insist, I’ll stay.
    In your dreamsThat will never happen.A pay rise now? In your dreams.
    It can’t hurtThere’s little risk in trying.Apply for the grant—it can’t hurt.
    It serves you rightYou deserved the negative outcome.You cheated and got caught—it serves you right.
    It totally slipped my mindI completely forgot.Sorry—I was supposed to call; it slipped my mind.
    It’s a dealAgreement reached.Half now, half later? It’s a deal.
    It’s a long storyIt would take too long to explain.Why did you move? It’s a long story.
    It’s about timeIt should have happened sooner.It’s about time you updated your CV.
    It’s nothingResponse minimizing a favor or injury.Thanks for helping. ‘It’s nothing.’
    It’s up to youYou must decide.Movie or bowling—it’s up to you.
    It’s written all over your faceYour feelings are obvious.You’re thrilled—it’s written all over your face.
    Judge a book by its coverTo form an opinion based only on appearance.Don’t judge a book by its cover—he’s kinder than he looks.
    Jump to conclusionsTo decide something without enough evidence.Don’t jump to conclusions about the audit.
    Just my luckUsed when something unfortunate happens to you.Missed the bus—just my luck.
    Just name itSay what you want and I’ll do it.Anything I can do—just name it.
    Keep an eye onWatch carefully; monitor.Keep an eye on the oven.
    Keep me in the loopKeep me informed/updated.Please keep me in the loop on any changes.
    Keep my/your fingers crossedHope for good luck or a positive outcome.The exam is tomorrow—keep your fingers crossed.
    Keep your coolStay calm.Keep your cool during negotiations.
    Know something inside outKnow something extremely well.She knows the codebase inside out.
    Let the cat out of the bagTo reveal a secret, often by mistake.He let the cat out of the bag about the surprise party.
    Let’s go fifty-fiftyLet’s split the cost equally.The bill is €60—let’s go fifty-fifty.
    Lighten upRelax; stop taking things so seriously.Lighten up—it was a joke.
    MaddeningExtremely frustrating.The delays are maddening.
    Make up one’s mindTo decide.It’s time to make up your mind.
    My pleasureYou’re welcome; I enjoyed helping.Thanks for the ride. ‘My pleasure.’
    My two centsMy humble opinion.Just my two cents: ship it next week.
    Nature callsI need to go to the bathroom.Excuse me, nature calls.
    Never mindIgnore what was said or done; it’s okay.I found it—never mind.
    No strings attachedWith no special conditions or obligations.They offered a grant with no strings attached.
    No sweatNo problem; it’s easy.Can you carry this? No sweat.
    No worriesIt’s okay; don’t worry.Thanks for waiting. ‘No worries.’
    Nothing mattersExpression of despair or indifference.After the breakup, he felt like nothing matters.
    Now and thenOccasionally; from time to time.I go jogging now and then.
    Now you’re talkingI like that suggestion/idea.Pizza for lunch? Now you’re talking.
    Nuke (in the microwave)To heat something quickly in a microwave.Just nuke the leftovers for two minutes.
    Off one’s rockerCrazy or acting irrationally.Anyone who swims there in winter is off their rocker.
    On the ballAlert and competent; understanding a situation well.We need someone on the ball to manage this launch.
    On the dotExactly at the stated time.The meeting starts at 9 on the dot.
    Once in a blue moonVery rarely.We eat out once in a blue moon.
    Out of the blueUnexpectedly; without warning.He called out of the blue after ten years.
    Out of this worldExtremely good; amazing.The pastry was out of this world.
    Over my dead bodyAbsolutely not; I refuse.You’re moving out at 15? Over my dead body.
    Over one’s headToo difficult to understand; beyond one’s ability.The math got over my head quickly.
    Pain in the assVery annoying person or thing.Filling out these forms is a pain in the ass.
    Pie in the skyAn unrealistic or unlikely plan or promise.Zero taxes is pie in the sky.
    Piece of cakeSomething very easy.The test was a piece of cake.
    Play devil’s advocateTo argue the opposite position for the sake of debate.Let me play devil’s advocate: what if demand falls?
    Play it by earTo improvise; decide as things happen.We don’t have a plan—let’s play it by ear.
    Pull someone’s legTo tease or joke with someone.Relax—I’m just pulling your leg.
    Pull the wool over someone’s eyesTo deceive someone, especially to make them think well of you or to hide the truth.They tried to pull the wool over investors’ eyes.
    Put yourself in someone else’s shoesTo imagine how someone else feels.Try to put yourself in her shoes.
    Rain or shineRegardless of circumstances or weather.The race happens rain or shine.
    Read between the linesTo find the hidden meaning.Read between the lines of his email.
    Read someone’s mindTo know what someone is thinking.You brought coffee? You read my mind.
    Rise and shineWake up and be energetic.Rise and shine—it’s Monday.
    See eye to eyeTo agree with someone.We finally see eye to eye on the budget.
    Shame on youYou should be ashamed.Lying to your friend? Shame on you.
    ShootGo ahead (ask your question).I’ve got a couple questions. ‘Shoot.’
    ShotgunClaiming the front passenger seat in a car.Shotgun! I called it first.
    Sick and tired (of)Extremely annoyed or fed up with something.I’m sick and tired of the delays.
    Since when?Expressing surprise that something started happening.You like opera—since when?
    Sit on the fenceTo avoid making a decision or taking sides.He sat on the fence during the vote.
    Sleep on itTo delay a decision until the next day.Don’t rush—sleep on it.
    Sleep tightSleep well (informal goodnight).Goodnight—sleep tight.
    Sooner or laterInevitably; at some unspecified time in the future.Sooner or later, the truth comes out.
    Sort ofTo some extent; kind of.I sort of liked the film.
    Speak of the devilSaid when the person you were talking about appears.Speak of the devil—there’s Max now!
    Stay in touchKeep communicating.After graduation, let’s stay in touch.
    Steal someone’s thunderTo take credit for someone else’s idea or success.The manager stole her thunder at the presentation.
    Stop it!Command telling someone to stop doing something.Stop it! That’s dangerous.
    Sure thingCertainly; absolutely.Can you send the file? Sure thing.
    Take a hikeGo away; leave me alone.If you’re here to sell, take a hike.
    Take it easyRelax; don’t stress.Take it easy this weekend.
    Take something with a grain of saltNot to take something too seriously or literally.Take online reviews with a grain of salt.
    Thank goodnessExpression of relief or gratitude.Thank goodness you’re safe.
    That figuresThat makes sense; I’m not surprised.He canceled again? That figures.
    The ball is in your courtIt is your turn or responsibility to act.I’ve sent the proposal—the ball is in your court.
    The whole nine yardsEverything; the full extent.They gave us the whole nine yards: flights, hotel, meals.
    Throw in the towelTo give up; admit defeat.After three attempts, we threw in the towel.
    Twenty-four seven (24/7)All the time; constantly.The site is monitored 24/7.
    What a small worldSaid when you meet someone unexpectedly connected to your life.You know Emma too? What a small world!
    What gives?What’s going on? Why is this happening?You’re late again—what gives?
    What’s eating you?What’s bothering you?You’ve been quiet—what’s eating you?
    WhateverIndifferent or dismissive response.Do what you want—whatever.
    Who caresIt doesn’t matter; no one cares.We lost by one point—who cares?
    Why so blue?Why are you sad?Cheer up—why so blue?
    Wouldn’t be caught deadWould never do something; completely unwilling.I wouldn’t be caught dead wearing that hat.
    You betCertainly; of course.Can you help? You bet.
    You can say that againI completely agree.‘This weather is terrible.’ ‘You can say that again.’
    You know better than thatYou should not have done that; you’re aware it’s wrong.Lying to your mom—you know better than that.
    You made itYou arrived/succeeded.Traffic was awful, but you made it.
    You made it bigYou achieved great success.After the IPO, she made it big.
    You never knowAnything is possible; outcomes are uncertain.Apply anyway—you never know.
    You wishThat’s unlikely; it won’t happen.You think I’ll do your shift? You wish.
    You’re dressed to killYou look very attractive/elegant.Wow, you’re dressed to kill tonight.
    You’re telling meStrong agreement; I already know that.This heat is brutal. ‘You’re telling me.’
    You’ve got to be kiddingExpression of disbelief or surprise.Tickets are 300 euros? You’ve got to be kidding.
    Your guess is as good as mineI don’t know either.When will the package arrive? Your guess is as good as mine.

    Download the Complete Everyday Expressions & Idioms List

    Includes 200+ common idioms with meanings, example sentences, and printable reference guide (13-page PDF)

    📄 Download Free PDF

    Additional Resources

  • 61 ESL Technology Questions for Exciting Conversations (PDF)

    61 ESL Technology Questions for Exciting Conversations (PDF)

    Struggling to find good ESL questions to do a class about technology?

    Now no longer! We’ve compiled a list of questions for you and your students to practice speaking, writing and exchanging ideas — no matter what age or level they are!

    With technology reaching every part of our lives, it is getting increasingly important to prepare your students to get used to the topic.

    51+ Technology ESL Questions for your lessons

    Tips on Using Technology Questions in the Classroom

    You can put students into pairs or small teams, or discuss the questions in class. Another option is to ask your students individually to write down some phrases. Later they can present their results in class.

    By using these questions, your students will learn new vocabulary in the context of technology. This will help them in daily lives and especially in business. 

    General Technology Questions

    This set of questions will help your students to get a brief overview over the topic “technology”.

    • What is technology?
    • What do you think of when you hear the word ‘technology’?
    • How has technology changed in the past?
    • How has technology changed your life?
    • Could you live without technology?
    • What technological achievement was the best?
    • What do you think technology will be like in the future?
    • What are the advantages of technology?
    • What are the disadvantages of technology?
    • Which new technological tool are you looking forward to?
    • What do you think will be the next biggest technological advance?

    Opinion and Discussion Technology Questions

    Your students can exchange opinions and ideas using these questions. It’s also perfect to start a conversation.

    • At what age should children get a cell phone?
    • How many hours a day should children be allowed to use electric devices?
    • What are the disadvantages of using technology?
    • Do you think people rely too much on technology?
    • What do you think about online shopping?
    • Does technology make society lazy?
    • Do you prefer Windows or Apple computers?
    • Do you prefer to text your friends or call them?
    • What do you think of today’s technology? Do we use it the right way?
    • Do you think that technology controls and spies on us?
    • How can countries help to create more inventors?
    • Is there a piece of technology that you are afraid of that might exist in the future? (artificial intelligence, flying cars)
    • Which technology has made the world worse?
    • What are the possibilities of technology in clothing?
    • What is the future of transportation?
    • What do you think old people think of modern technology?
    • How has technology changed society?
    • Do you think modern technology reduces or increases stress? Why?
    • Do you think robots will cause unemployment in the future? Why? Why not?
    • What do you think about GMO (genetically modified organisms) food?
    • What changes would you like to see science make to the world?

    Personal Technology Questions

    These questions will give students the possibility to talk or write about their personal background of using technology.

    • At what age did you have your first cell phone? Which one was it? What did you like about it?
    • What is the most important technology device in your daily life?
    • How often do you use a cell phone?
    • Do you think you are addicted to technology, like social media or your cell phone?
    • Which social networks do you use? Why?
    • Are you shopping online? Why and how often?
    • What device do you use to watch TV, Netflix or other TV shows?
    • How much time do you spend online every day?
    • How often do you play video games?
    • Do you usually buy apps in GoogleStore or AppStore?
    • What is your favorite website?
    • Do you stream music? Why? Why not?
    • Do you use a smartwatch? Why? Why not? 
    • What moment do you remember, when you were let down by technology?
    • Are you afraid of technology in the future?
    • Are you giving out lots of personal data?
    • What do you know about Artificial Intelligence (AI)?
    • Have you used the Internet to learn English?
    • How have technological advances affected our life?
    • What science fiction movies have you seen? Which ones did you like? Why?

    Controversial Questions about Technology in the Future

    • Will advancements in artificial intelligence lead to a loss of jobs for humans?
    • Should governments regulate the development and use of autonomous weapons?
    • Will virtual reality become a primary form of entertainment and communication in the future?
    • Should there be limits placed on the use of facial recognition technology by law enforcement?
    • Will the increasing use of technology lead to a loss of privacy for individuals?
    • Should there be limits on the use of genetic engineering to modify human embryos?
    • Will the widespread use of drones have a negative impact on personal privacy and security?
    • Should companies that collect large amounts of personal data be required to provide greater transparency about how that data is used?
    • Will the increasing dependence on technology lead to a loss of critical thinking skills in individuals?
    • Will the increasing use of automation in various industries lead to a widening income gap and increased social inequality?

    These questions are perfect to include into your conversation lessons. You can go in detail by using our Artificial Intelligence Questions. Another great option to start conversations are “Would You Rather” Questions or these fun speaking activities.

  • 120 Would You Rather Questions to Start an ESL Conversation (PDF)

    120 Would You Rather Questions to Start an ESL Conversation (PDF)

    Do you want interesting questions to get the ball rolling with your ESL students?

    Are you tired of asking the same basic questions about where your students live, what hobbies they have etc?

    “Would you rather” questions are a great way to inject more fun into your speaking lessons and be “the interesting teacher”. 

    Here we have 120 fun questions for kids, teens, and adults as well, to get you started along with a follow-up question for each to keep the conversation going.

    Also useful: Want to keep the conversation going? Try our 180 conversation starters for every level, or these speaking activities when you need something more structured.

    The Power of Would You Rather Questions

    The idea is simple:

    You ask a student a question and they have a choice of two possible answers: “Would you rather be a bird or a fish?”.

    The student answers the question but… it’s important they explain WHY.

    The explanation of why they chose their answer is what really tests their ability to produce the language (rather than giving you a series of one-word answers).

    These questions are extremely useful; they are fun which engages the student more. They also get students to use the language outside of what they’re used to which will help them feel confident speaking in a wider range of situations.

    They are a great stepping stone between very basic “yes or no” questions and completely open questions which could be a little intimidating for less advanced students.

    These questions work great as a warm up to a more in-depth subject in a speaking lesson or even to round things off with some fun at the end of a particularly difficult one.

    As these are separated into different topics it may even be a good idea to use them in lessons that relate to that particular area. 

    Ok, without further ado, let’s begin!

    General Would You Rather Questions

    1. Would you rather have more time or more money?

    Would you play a lottery that had a prize of time?

    2. Would you rather be able to sing beautifully or speak fluently in a chosen language?

    Which do you think is harder to master?

    3. Would you rather be the world’s fastest runner or own the world’s fastest car?

    Which do you think would be most useful?

    4. Would you rather be able to fly or swim without needing to hold your breath?

    What’s the longest you can hold your breath for?

    5. Would you rather go to the cinema or watch a concert?

    What’s your favourite film?

    6. Would you rather be stuck inside on a good day or stuck outside on a bad day?

    What do you do when the weather’s bad?

    7. Would you rather be poor and happy or miserable and rich?

    Can money buy happiness?

    8. Would you rather travel to somewhere relaxing or somewhere interesting?

    Where did you last go on holiday?

    9. Would you rather play video games or play sports?

    What was the last thing you played?

    10. Would you rather be super fast or super strong?

    What would you do with that power?

    Funny Would You Rather Questions

    1. Would you rather be a mouse on holiday or a lion at work?

    Which do you think would be more difficult?

    2. Would you rather have a house made of chocolate or a house made of french fries?

    Which do you think would be easier to clean?

    3. Would you rather have the power to make others laugh or to make yourself laugh?

    Are there any comedians you know who already have this power?

    4. Would you rather stink or have everybody else stink (except you)?

    How much deodorant do you think would be needed to hide the smell?

    5. Would you rather marry a fish or a potato?

    Which do you think you would argue with more?

    6. Would you rather fight Santa or a reindeer?

    Do you think you’d still get presents after?

    7. Would you rather dance with a sloth or a chimpanzee?

    Do you think they would enjoy the dance?

    8. Would you rather slip on ice or a banana peel?

    Which one do you think is funnier?

    9. Would you rather laugh so hard you cry or cry so hard you laugh?

    Do you often cry when you laugh?

    10. Would you rather have an onion for a head or a cabbage?

    Do you think it would be hard to wash your face?

    Difficult Would You Rather Questions

    1. Would you rather win £1,000,000 or have your friend win £3,000,000?

    Do you think they’d let you win the money if they were in your shoes?

    2. Would you rather travel to the past or to the future?

    What about if you couldn’t return to the present?

    3. Would you rather have lots of money but not be able to buy food or have plenty of food but no money?

    Is there anyone you can think of who would pick the opposite?

    4. Would you rather be best friends with a celebrity or have your dream job?

    Have you ever met a celebrity?

    5. Would you rather fall into a cactus or walk on glass?

    Do you have a strong tolerance to pain?

    6. Would you rather climb Mount Everest or run three marathons?

    What’s the most exercise you’ve ever done?

    7. Would you rather not shower for a week or not brush your teeth for a week?

    What’s the longest you’ve gone without showering before?

    8. Would you rather be trapped in a room full of spiders or snakes?

    How long do you think you could stay in there for?

    9. Would you rather play a sport professionally or be an actor / actress?

    Which do you think pays more?

    10. Would you rather be a king for a day or a mayor for a month?

    What would you do in that time?

    Weird Would You Rather Questions

    1. Would you rather have a pillow as a pet or a piece of cheese?

    Which do you think would look funnier when taking for a walk?

    2. Would you rather be abducted by aliens or kidnapped by vampires?

    Which is more likely?

    3. Would you rather be a plant or a rock?

    Do you think life would be easier than being a human?

    4. Would you rather have a pig’s brain in a human body or a human brain in a pig’s body?

    Do you think it would be fun to switch for a short while?

    5. Would you rather wear a hat made of jam or shoes made of chocolate?

    Would you eat it after you have finished wearing it?

    6. Would you rather live on the moon or at the bottom of the sea?

    What kind of work could you do there?

    7. Would you rather be a cartoon or a puppet?

    What’s your favourite cartoon?

    8. Would you rather be sat next to a dog or a chicken on a plane?

    Would it be better than sitting next to a human?

    9. Would you rather live in a world where everything is upside down or where everything is blue?

    What would some of the challenges be living in such a world?

    10. Would you rather clean your teeth with spaghetti or a banana?

    What do you think your dentist would say?

    Food Would You Rather Questions

    1. Would you rather eat cheese and chocolate or beef and icecream?

    What’s the worst food combination you’ve ever made?

    2. Would you rather eat hamburgers everyday or never again?

    Which option do you think is healthier?

    3. Would you rather eat an amazing meal in a bad restaurant or a bad meal in an amazing restaurant?

    What’s the best restaurant you’ve ever eaten at?

    4. Would you rather be hungry or thirsty?

    What’s the longest you’ve gone without food and drink?

    5. Would you rather go out for dinner or eat a takeaway?

    What was the last thing you ate from a takeaway?

    6. Would you rather eat ice cream on a hot day or drink hot chocolate on a cold day?

    Which flavour of ice cream is your favourite?

    7. Would you rather be a chef or a waiter?

    Which do you think has the harder job?

    8. Would you rather eat three days worth of food in a day or a day’s worth of food over three days?

    Which do you think is healthier?

    9. Would you rather eat chocolate for an entire day or broccoli?

    What’s the most chocolate you’ve ever eaten?

    10. Would you rather eat peas with chopsticks or soup with a fork?

    Have you ever tried to eat with chopsticks? Did it work?

    Controversial Would You Rather Questions

    1. Would you rather end world hunger or have your friends and family live forever?

    Do we do enough to help those who are hungry?

    2. Would you rather everyone life forever or have people die painlessly at a certain age?

    How long would the planet last if we all lived forever?

    3. Would you rather imprison an innocent person or accidentally release a guilty person?

    Have you ever been blamed for something you haven’t done?

    4. Would you rather kill one person to save a thousand or do nothing?

    What’s the hardest decision you’ve ever had to make?

    5. Would you rather eat a (recently) dead body to stay alive or stay hungry?

    What’s the grossest thing you’ve ever eaten?

    6. Would you rather legalise drugs or outlaw guns (in all countries)?

    What are the gun laws in your country?

    7. Would you rather allow stem cell research (and possibly save lives) or disallow the research (possibly resulting in casualties)?

    How much do you know about stem cell research?

    8. Would you rather have evolution taught in schools or creationism?

    Which did you learn in school?

    9. Would you rather everyone have the right to marry or just heterosexuals?

    When did you last attend a wedding?

    10. Would you rather everyone have access to healthcare or only those that can afford it?

    When did you last go to the hospital?

    Clothing Would You Rather Questions

    1. Would you rather wear too many layers in summer or not enough in winter?

    What do you usually wear when it’s really cold?

    2. Would you rather wear clothes that are comfortable or clothes that look good?

    What’s the most comfortable clothing you own?

    3. Would you rather give unwanted clothes to charity or sell them?

    What was the last item of clothing you got rid of?

    4. Would you rather buy clothes brand new or from a second-hand shop?

    What’s the best bargain you’ve ever found?

    5. Would you rather fix your own clothes (e.g. darn a sock) or replace them?

    Do you have any clothes that need fixing or replacing?

    6. Would you rather wear something cool or something funny to a fancy dress party?

    What’s the best fancy dress costume you’ve ever worn?

    7. Would you rather have fewer clothes (that you love) or a wide collection of clothes (that aren’t your favourite)?

    What item of clothing could you not live without?

    8. Would you rather wear a hat or gloves in the snow?

    What do you usually wear when it snows?

    9. Would you rather make all of your clothes or borrow all of your clothes?

    What do you think the easiest thing to make would be?

    10. Would you rather all of your outfit be the same colour or the same material?

    What is your favourite material to wear?

    Geography Would You Rather Questions

    1. Would you rather live somewhere hot or somewhere cold?

    What’s the weather like where you live now?

    2. Would you rather live in a country with lots of money or beautiful scenery?

    What do you think is the most beautiful country?

    3. Would you rather visit five countries in five days or two countries in two weeks?

    Where would you go?

    4. Would you rather live near a volcano or near a swamp?

    Which do you think would have cheaper property prices?

    5. Would you rather be the leader of a small country with a lot of money or a big country with little money?

    Which is the smallest country you know of that is wealthy?

    6. Would you rather live near the ocean or near a field?

    Are there any oceans near where you live now?

    7. Would you rather live in a good neighbourhood that is far from work or in a bad neighbourhood that is close to work?

    How do you usually travel to work?

    8. Would you rather live in a quiet neighbourhood without many amenities or live in a noisier neighbourhood where there is plenty to do?

    What amenities are near your house?

    9. Would you rather go on holiday to somewhere far away or somewhere close to home?

    What’s the furthest you’ve ever been from home?

    10. Would you rather live in an area that is prone to earthquakes or one that is prone to flooding?

    Have you ever experienced an earthquake?

    Technology Would You Rather Questions

    1. Would you rather go without your phone or without internet access for a week?

    What’s the longest you think you could go without using the internet?

    2. Would you rather use the microwave or the oven to cook your meals?

    Which one is easier?

    3. Would you rather have a massive TV or a powerful computer?

    How big is your TV?

    4. Would you rather work with computers or work without them?

    What’s the longest you’ve worked at your computer before (in one sitting?)

    5. Would you rather play video games on a console or on your phone?

    What’s your favourite video game?

    6. Would you rather have a broken washing machine or a broken fridge?

    Which do you think breaks down more often?

    7. Would you rather have a fast internet connection or a stable connection?

    How fast is your internet connection at the moment?

    8. Would you rather be able to program computers (software) or build computers (hardware)?

    Can you usually fix your computer if something goes wrong?

    9. Would you rather drop your phone into a puddle from a short height or onto a dry floor from a tall height?

    Have you ever broken your phone?

    10. Would you rather stay in a hotel without a TV or without a shower?

    When did you last stay in a hotel?

    Movies Would You Rather Questions

    1. Would you rather star in a western movie or a sci-fi movie?

    What is the best sci-fi movie of all time?

    2. Would you rather be a director or an actor/actress?

    Which do you think would pay better?

    3. Would you rather watch a movie at the cinema or own the physical copy (Blu-ray etc)?

    How often do you go to the cinema?

    4. Would you rather watch a romance movie or a comedy?

    Do you ever watch rom-coms (romantic comedies)?

    5. Would you rather watch a movie or a series?

    What’s your favourite series?

    6. Would you rather watch a horror movie alone or with someone else?

    What’s the scariest film you’ve ever seen?

    7. Would you rather eat popcorn or crisps when watching a movie?

    Why do we eat such noisy food when we watch movies?

    8. Would you rather be the star of a small movie or an extra in a huge movie?

    Do you think it would be fun to be an extra in a movie?

    9. Would you rather have free access to a cinema or have your own cinema room at home?

    How often would you watch movies if you could see any movie for free (at the cinema)?

    10. Would you rather watch a movie adaption of a video game or play the video game adaption of a movie?

    What’s the best movie about video games you’ve seen?

    Dating & Relationship Would You Rather Questions

    1. Would you rather marry someone who is beautiful or rich?

    Do you think money is important in a relationship?

    2. Would you rather have a romantic or an exiting date?

    What kind of gift would you bring with you?

    3. Would you rather go on a date, accompanied by your mom or your dad?

    Do you talk with your parents about your feelings?

    4. Would you rather date someone who is talking all day long or someone who hardly says a word?

    Are you a talkative person?

    5. Would you rather have 5 kids or no kids at all?

    Why?

    6. Would you rather marry someone who is boring and loyal or passionate and cheating on you?

    What’s your main criteria when choosing your partner?

    7. Would you be rather honest and maybe hurt your partner or tell a lie to make them feel good?

    Do you think white lies are acceptable?

    8. Would you rather marry someone who is exactly like yours or completely different?

    Opposites attract – do you think this saying is true?

    9. Would you rather ask someone out or have someone asking you out?

    In your home country, is it common for women to ask men out?

    10. Would you rather find true love or live a long, healthy single life?

    In your eyes, what makes a happy life?

    COVID-19 Pandemic / Lockdown Would You Rather Questions

    1. Would you rather stay at home for three months or life your normal life, but install an app on your smartphone through which the authorities can track all your movements and contacts?

    Do you think data privacy is important?

    2. Would you rather vaccine old people or young people?

    Why?

    3. Would you rather work in an office or at home every day? (or: have school lessons at school or at home?)

    Which job did you like most and why?

    4. Would you rather lose your job or have a COVID-19 infection?

    What things in life are you afraid of?

    5. During a lockdown, would you rather stay at home alone or with other people you don’t like?

    Being home alone, what do you usually do?

    6. During a lockdown, would you rather stay in an urban apartment or in a cabin somewhere isolated in the countryside?

    How would your ideal home look like?

    7. Would you rather cook your meals yourself or get them from the same delivery service every day?

    How often do you eat out?

    8. Would you rather only read books or watch TV for four weeks?

    What do you think about movies from book adaptions?

    9. Would you rather develop a remedy for cancer or for COVID-19?

    In your opinion, which is the most dangerous disease?

    10. Would you rather wear a face mask or keep 1.5 meters distance when you meet your friends?

    What’s your favorite topic when you talk to your friends?

    Need more ESL conversation starters and questions? Click here.

    Wrap-up

    There we have it, more “would you rather” questions than you can shake a stick at!

    As I have said in my other list of questions, once you’ve gotten a feel for using these, try using them as an influence to create your own topics. You could create questions that are even more personalised and relevant to your student’s interests.

    Browse all our ESL teaching resources.

    Happy teaching!